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Short Assignment Requirements
Assignment Description
Reaction Time Group Project
STAT 2163 Introduction to Statistics
This group project requires teams of 3-4 students to work together to finish the questions.
Analyze the Data in StatCrunch:
· Go to Blackboard -> Content for Course-> Reaction Time Group Project.
· Download the Excel dataset Reaction Time Project 2020-2021 (S21).csv. Upload it to StatCrunch for analysis.
· How to use StatCrunch to upload dataset or create plots? You could watch the videos in Content for Course -> StatCrunch Lab.
· Answer the following questions by exploring the dataset with StatCrunch.
Question 1. Data Types
Please mark the all the types of data that each variable belongs to.
| Categorical | Numerical | Levels of Measurement | ||||
Discrete | Continuous | Nominal | Ordinal | Interval | Ratio | ||
Reaction Time (ms) |
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Gender |
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Class |
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Age |
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Avg. Sleeping Time |
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Device/OS |
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Visual Acuity |
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Frequency in Game Playing |
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Question 2. Create histograms for all the numerical variables (Reaction Time (ms), Age, Avg. Sleeping Time).
Click: Graph -> Histogram -> (Under Select Columns) Choose all 3 variables [Ctrl+A, or Ctrl+Click, or Shift+Click] -> Click in the box by VALUE ABOVE BAR -> (Under Markers) Click in the boxes by MEAN and by MEDIAN -> Compute
2(a). Comment on the histograms of Reaction Time (ms), Age, and Avg. Sleeping Time. Are the distributions normal? Are they symmetric, left skewed, or right skewed? Comment on the relationship between the mean and the median.
| Is the distribution Normal? | Is the distribution symmetric, or left skewed, or right skewed? | Which value is greater? Fill in <, > or = below. |
Histogram of Reaction Time (ms) |
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| Mean Median |
Histogram of Age |
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| Mean Median |
Histogram of Avg. Sleeping Time |
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| Mean Median |
2(b). Find the class width of Histogram of Reaction Time (ms) above. Create another histogram by changing the class width to 80.
Click: Graph -> Histogram -> (Under Select Columns) Choose Reaction Time (ms) -> (Under Bins) Type in 80 for “Width” -> Click in the box by VALUE ABOVE BAR -> Compute
Fill in the Frequency Distribution Table below.
Reaction Time (ms) | Frequency | Relative Frequency | Cumulative Frequency |
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Question 3. Assess normality of Reaction Time (ms) with a Normal Quantile Plot.
Click: Graph -> QQ Plot -> Reaction Time (ms) -> Compute
Sketch the normal quantile plots you get from StatCrunch. Comment on the plot. Is the distribution normal? Compare your conclusion to the answer in Question 2.
Question 4. Create Pareto Chart for Device/OS variable.
Click: Graph -> Bar Plot -> With Data -> (Under Select Columns) Choose Device/OS -> (Under Order by) Choose Count Descending-> Click in the box by VALUE ABOVE BAR -> Compute
Note that: Histogram and Bar Graph are the two ways to display data in the form of a diagram. Histogram presents numerical data whereas bar graph shows categorical data. The histogram is also different from bar graph in that there is no gap between the bars.
You might find the information on this webpage useful.
https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-histogram-and-bar-graph.html
Comment on the bar graph of Device/OS used. Which Device/OS was used by most students on the reaction time test? What is the frequency? Which one is the second most?
Question 5. Create a Pie Chart
Create a pie chart for Class by follow the steps below.
Click: Graph -> Pie Chart -> With Data -> Class -> (Under Display) Choose Count and Percent of Total (Ctrl+click) -> Compute
Sketch the pie chart and fill in the percentage you got.
Sketch the pie chart | Class | Frequency | Percent |
| Freshman |
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Sophomore |
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Junior |
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Senior |
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Question 5. Create a Stem & Leaf Plot for Age
Click: Graph -> Stem & Leaf Plot -> Age -> (Under Leaf Unit) Choose 1 -> (Under Outlier trimming) Check in “None” -> Compute
Sketch the stem-and-leaf plot of Age below. Refer to the “Chapter 2 Lecture Notes with Examples” Page 33. Identify what is the stem, what is the leaf.
Question 7. Create a Scatterplot
Scatterplot (or Scatter Diagram) is used to determine whether there is a relationship between two variables. Create a scatterplot of (Avg. Sleeping Time, Reaction Time (ms)).
Click: Graph – Scatterplot – Choose X to be Avg. Sleeping Time – Choose Y to be Reaction Time (ms) -> Compute
Does it look like there is any relationship between the two variables? Why or why not? Include your graph.
Create a scatterplot of Age vs Reaction Time (ms). Does it look like there is any relationship between the two variables? Why or why not? Include your graph.
Question 8. Create a Dot Plot for Reaction Time (ms) by Gender
Click: Graph –> Dotplot –> Reaction Time (ms) –> (Under Group by) Choose Gender -> Compute
Comment on the dotplot. Which set of dots is more spread out? Male or Female?
Question 9. Create a Boxplot for Reaction Time (ms).
Click: Graph -> Boxplot -> Reaction Time (ms) -> Compute
Sketch the boxplot. Then move the mouse to the plot. A dialog box should show. Fill in the blanks below.
Minimum = _________________
____________________
Median = ____________________
____________________
Maximum =_________________
IQR =______________________
_________________
Question 10. Propose a question you are interested in. Answer the question by using the data with the help of StatCrunch (for example, by creating a scatterplot/bar graph/histogram/Pareto chart/etc.)
Assignment Description
Reaction Time Group Project
STAT 2163 Introduction to Statistics
This group project requires teams of 3-4 students to work together to finish the questions.
Analyze the Data in StatCrunch:
• Go to Blackboard -> Content for Course-> Reaction Time Group Project.
• Download the Excel dataset Reaction Time Project 2020-2021 (S21).csv. Upload it to StatCrunch for analysis.
• How to use StatCrunch to upload dataset or create plots? You could watch the videos in Content for Course -> StatCrunch Lab.
• Answer the following questions by exploring the dataset with StatCrunch.
Question 1. Data Types
Please mark the all the types of data that each variable belongs to.
| Categorical | Numerical | Levels of Measurement | ||||
Discrete | Continuous | Nominal | Ordinal | Interval | Ratio | ||
Reaction Time (ms) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Avg. Sleeping Time |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Device/OS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Visual Acuity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Frequency in Game Playing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Question 2. Create histograms for all the numerical variables (Reaction Time (ms), Age, Avg. Sleeping Time).
Click: Graph -> Histogram -> (Under Select Columns) Choose all 3 variables [Ctrl+A, or Ctrl+Click, or Shift+Click] -> Click in the box by VALUE ABOVE BAR -> (Under Markers) Click in the boxes by MEAN and by MEDIAN -> Compute
2(a). Comment on the histograms of Reaction Time (ms), Age, and Avg. Sleeping Time. Are the distributions normal? Are they symmetric, left skewed, or right skewed? Comment on the relationship between the mean and the median.
| Is the distribution Normal? | Is the distribution symmetric, or left skewed, or right skewed? | Which value is greater? Fill in <, > or = below. |
Histogram of Reaction Time (ms) |
|
| Mean Median |
Histogram of Age |
|
| Mean Median |
Histogram of Avg. Sleeping Time |
|
| Mean Median |
2(b). Find the class width of Histogram of Reaction Time (ms) above. Create another histogram by changing the class width to 80.
Click: Graph -> Histogram -> (Under Select Columns) Choose Reaction Time (ms) -> (Under Bins) Type in 80 for “Width” -> Click in the box by VALUE ABOVE BAR -> Compute Fill in the Frequency Distribution Table below.
Reaction Time (ms) | Frequency | Relative Frequency | Cumulative Frequency |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
Question 3. Assess normality of Reaction Time (ms) with a Normal Quantile Plot.
Click: Graph -> QQ Plot -> Reaction Time (ms) -> Compute
Sketch the normal quantile plots you get from StatCrunch. Comment on the plot. Is the distribution normal? Compare your conclusion to the answer in Question 2.
Question 4. Create Pareto Chart for Device/OS variable.
Click: Graph -> Bar Plot -> With Data -> (Under Select Columns) Choose Device/OS -> (Under Order by) Choose Count Descending-> Click in the box by VALUE ABOVE BAR -> Compute
Note that: Histogram and Bar Graph are the two ways to display data in the form of a
diagram. Histogram presents numerical data whereas bar graph shows categorical data. The histogram is also different from bar graph in that there is no gap between the bars.
You might find the information on this webpage useful. https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-histogram-and-bar-graph.html
Comment on the bar graph of Device/OS used. Which Device/OS was used by most students on the reaction time test? What is the frequency? Which one is the second most?
Question 5. Create a Pie Chart
Create a pie chart for Class by follow the steps below.
Click: Graph -> Pie Chart -> With Data -> Class -> (Under Display) Choose Count and Percent of Total (Ctrl+click) -> Compute
Sketch the pie chart and fill in the percentage you got.
Sketch the pie chart | Class | Frequency | Percent |
| Freshman |
|
|
Sophomore |
|
| |
Junior |
|
| |
Senior |
|
|
Question 5. Create a Stem & Leaf Plot for Age
Click: Graph -> Stem & Leaf Plot -> Age -> (Under Leaf Unit) Choose 1 -> (Under Outlier trimming) Check in “None” -> Compute
Sketch the stem-and-leaf plot of Age below. Refer to the “Chapter 2 Lecture Notes with Examples” Page 33. Identify what is the stem, what is the leaf.
Question 7. Create a Scatterplot
Scatterplot (or Scatter Diagram) is used to determine whether there is a relationship between two variables. Create a scatterplot of (Avg. Sleeping Time, Reaction Time (ms)).
Click: Graph – Scatterplot – Choose X to be Avg. Sleeping Time – Choose Y to be Reaction Time (ms) -> Compute
Does it look like there is any relationship between the two variables? Why or why not? Include your graph.
Create a scatterplot of Age vs Reaction Time (ms). Does it look like there is any relationship between the two variables? Why or why not? Include your graph.
Question 8. Create a Dot Plot for Reaction Time (ms) by Gender
Click: Graph –> Dotplot –> Reaction Time (ms) –> (Under Group by) Choose Gender -> Compute Comment on the dotplot. Which set of dots is more spread out? Male or Female?
Question 9. Create a Boxplot for Reaction Time (ms).
Click: Graph -> Boxplot -> Reaction Time (ms) -> Compute
Sketch the boxplot. Then move the mouse to the plot. A dialog box should show. Fill in the blanks below.
Minimum = _________________
𝑸𝟏 = ____________________
Median = ____________________
𝑸𝟑 = ____________________
Maximum =_________________
IQR =______________________
𝑸𝟑−𝑸𝟏 = _________________
Question 10. Propose a question you are interested in. Answer the question by using the data with the help of StatCrunch (for example, by creating a scatterplot/bar graph/histogram/Pareto chart/etc.)
